8YWR

Crystal structure of the Fab fragment of the anti-IL-6 antibody 68F2 in complex with a domain-swapped IL-6 dimer

External Resource: Annotation

Gene Ontology: Gene Product Annotation
InterPro: Protein Family Classification
Pharos: Disease Associations

Gene Ontology: Gene Product Annotation Gene Ontology Database Homepage

Chains	Polymer	Molecular Function	Biological Process	Cellular Component
A	Interleukin-6	protein binding binding molecular function activator activity signaling receptor binding molecular function regulator activity signaling receptor regulator activity growth factor activity receptor ligand activity signaling receptor activator activity identical protein binding interleukin-6 receptor binding cytokine receptor binding growth factor receptor binding cytokine activity	developmental process multicellular organismal process regulation of multicellular organismal development regulation of biological process regulation of developmental process blood vessel morphogenesis tube development biological regulation angiogenesis vasculature development regulation of vasculature development circulatory system development multicellular organism development anatomical structure morphogenesis tube morphogenesis developmental process multicellular organismal process regulation of multicellular organismal development regulation of biological process regulation of developmental process blood vessel morphogenesis tube development biological regulation angiogenesis vasculature development regulation of vasculature development circulatory system development multicellular organism development anatomical structure morphogenesis tube morphogenesis regulation of angiogenesis anatomical structure development anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis regulation of multicellular organismal process regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis blood vessel development system development cellular response to stimulus cell surface receptor signaling pathway via STAT regulation of cellular process cell surface receptor signaling pathway response to stimulus signaling cell communication cellular process signal transduction regulation of defense response regulation of response to external stimulus defense response positive regulation of biological process response to external stimulus regulation of inflammatory response positive regulation of acute inflammatory response positive regulation of response to stimulus positive regulation of response to external stimulus positive regulation of inflammatory response regulation of response to stimulus response to stress regulation of response to stress positive regulation of defense response regulation of acute inflammatory response inflammatory response acute inflammatory response positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity cellular biosynthetic process RNA metabolic process regulation of primary metabolic process nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process RNA biosynthetic process positive regulation of molecular function nucleic acid biosynthetic process DNA-templated transcription regulation of RNA metabolic process regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process regulation of RNA biosynthetic process regulation of biosynthetic process cellular metabolic process primary metabolic process regulation of cellular metabolic process regulation of macromolecule metabolic process nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process gene expression macromolecule biosynthetic process nucleic acid metabolic process regulation of cellular biosynthetic process regulation of molecular function regulation of gene expression biosynthetic process regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity metabolic process regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process regulation of DNA-templated transcription macromolecule metabolic process regulation of metabolic process regulation of neuroinflammatory response neuroinflammatory response positive regulation of phosphorylation regulation of protein modification process regulation of protein phosphorylation positive regulation of protein metabolic process regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation positive regulation of cellular metabolic process positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process peptidyl-serine modification positive regulation of metabolic process positive regulation of protein modification process peptidyl-serine phosphorylation regulation of phosphate metabolic process phosphate-containing compound metabolic process peptidyl-amino acid modification positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process protein metabolic process positive regulation of protein phosphorylation phosphorus metabolic process protein modification process positive regulation of cellular process protein phosphorylation positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process phosphorylation regulation of protein metabolic process positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation macromolecule modification regulation of phosphorus metabolic process regulation of phosphorylation positive regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process positive regulation of programmed cell death regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process regulation of apoptotic process regulation of programmed cell death cell death positive regulation of apoptotic process epithelial cell apoptotic process positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process apoptotic process programmed cell death negative regulation of biological process negative regulation of chemokine production negative regulation of cellular metabolic process regulation of cytokine production cytokine production negative regulation of cellular process negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process negative regulation of metabolic process negative regulation of cytokine production regulation of chemokine production negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process negative regulation of gene expression negative regulation of biosynthetic process negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process chemokine production negative regulation of multicellular organismal process regulation of body fluid levels wound healing cell activation hemostasis blood coagulation coagulation regulation of biological quality response to wounding platelet activation positive regulation of interleukin-8 production positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process positive regulation of biosynthetic process interleukin-8 production positive regulation of gene expression positive regulation of multicellular organismal process positive regulation of cytokine production positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process regulation of interleukin-8 production positive regulation of chemokine production negative regulation of signaling response to cytokine regulation of signal transduction negative regulation of cell communication cytokine-mediated signaling pathway negative regulation of interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway cellular response to cytokine stimulus regulation of interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway regulation of signaling negative regulation of response to stimulus regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway negative regulation of signal transduction response to peptide cellular response to interleukin-1 regulation of response to cytokine stimulus negative regulation of response to cytokine stimulus negative regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway response to chemical interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway regulation of cell communication response to interleukin-1 interleukin-10 production regulation of interleukin-10 production positive regulation of interleukin-10 production cell population proliferation regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation positive regulation of cell population proliferation smooth muscle cell proliferation positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation regulation of cell population proliferation muscle cell proliferation biological process involved in interspecies interaction between organisms response to other organism defense response to Gram-negative bacterium response to biotic stimulus defense response to bacterium defense response to other organism response to bacterium response to external biotic stimulus inflammatory response to wounding regulation of leukocyte activation regulation of cell activation lymphocyte activation leukocyte activation positive regulation of lymphocyte activation positive regulation of cell activation regulation of B cell activation positive regulation of leukocyte activation regulation of immune system process positive regulation of immune system process B cell activation positive regulation of B cell activation immune system process regulation of lymphocyte activation cellular developmental process cell development regulation of cell differentiation regulation of neurogenesis regulation of cell development regulation of nervous system development negative regulation of neurogenesis neurogenesis cell differentiation negative regulation of nervous system development negative regulation of cell differentiation negative regulation of developmental process nervous system development negative regulation of cell development T cell activation lymphocyte proliferation regulation of leukocyte proliferation positive regulation of T cell activation positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation positive regulation of T cell proliferation mononuclear cell proliferation regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion positive regulation of leukocyte proliferation positive regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion leukocyte proliferation leukocyte cell-cell adhesion positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion cell adhesion cell-cell adhesion positive regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation regulation of cell-cell adhesion T cell proliferation regulation of lymphocyte proliferation positive regulation of cell adhesion regulation of cell adhesion regulation of T cell activation regulation of T cell proliferation regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation cellular homeostasis neuron cellular homeostasis homeostatic process adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains regulation of immune effector process lymphocyte mediated immunity T cell mediated immunity positive regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity T-helper 2 cell cytokine production T cell cytokine production type 2 immune response positive regulation of immune response regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production regulation of type 2 immune response leukocyte mediated immunity positive regulation of adaptive immune response positive regulation of T cell cytokine production regulation of T cell mediated immunity regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production immune response regulation of adaptive immune response immune effector process regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity regulation of immune response positive regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response positive regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains positive regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity regulation of T cell cytokine production CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell cytokine production regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains positive regulation of immune effector process cytokine production involved in immune response production of molecular mediator of immune response adaptive immune response positive regulation of type 2 immune response regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity positive regulation of T cell mediated immunity positive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response fat cell differentiation negative regulation of fat cell differentiation regulation of fat cell differentiation neutrophil mediated immunity myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity positive regulation of cell communication positive regulation of signal transduction positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via STAT regulation of receptor signaling pathway via STAT positive regulation of signaling negative regulation of programmed cell death negative regulation of apoptotic process regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition mesenchyme development positive regulation of developmental process positive regulation of cell differentiation animal organ development tissue development epithelial to mesenchymal transition mesenchymal cell differentiation response to activity gland development animal organ regeneration liver development regeneration hepaticobiliary system development liver regeneration catabolic process macromolecule catabolic process regulation of DNA catabolic process cellular component organization execution phase of apoptosis positive regulation of DNA catabolic process DNA catabolic process apoptotic nuclear changes cellular component organization or biogenesis regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation cellular component disassembly positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process positive regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation DNA metabolic process regulation of catabolic process nucleobase-containing compound catabolic process positive regulation of catabolic process apoptotic DNA fragmentation positive regulation of DNA metabolic process cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis nucleic acid catabolic process regulation of DNA metabolic process interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway response to interleukin-6 cellular response to interleukin-6 germinal center B cell differentiation mononuclear cell differentiation mature B cell differentiation B cell activation involved in immune response cell activation involved in immune response lymphocyte differentiation B cell differentiation leukocyte activation involved in immune response lymphocyte activation involved in immune response mature B cell differentiation involved in immune response hemopoiesis leukocyte differentiation interleukin-17 production regulation of interleukin-17 production positive regulation of interleukin-17 production maintenance of blood-brain barrier multicellular organismal-level homeostasis anatomical structure homeostasis tissue homeostasis regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response production of molecular mediator involved in inflammatory response cytokine production involved in inflammatory response positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response positive regulation of nervous system development regulation of gliogenesis positive regulation of glial cell proliferation positive regulation of gliogenesis regulation of glial cell proliferation gliogenesis positive regulation of neurogenesis positive regulation of cell development glial cell proliferation regulation of tumor necrosis factor production positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor superfamily cytokine production tumor necrosis factor superfamily cytokine production positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production tumor necrosis factor production regulation of tumor necrosis factor superfamily cytokine production regulation of localization nitrogen compound transport regulation of hormone secretion regulation of peptide secretion transport glucagon secretion hormone secretion peptide secretion localization secretion by cell regulation of secretion by cell regulation of glucagon secretion amide transport signal release regulation of peptide hormone secretion secretion regulation of transport regulation of hormone levels regulation of peptide transport cell-cell signaling export from cell establishment of localization regulation of secretion peptide transport peptide hormone secretion hormone transport peptidyl-tyrosine modification positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell negative regulation of collagen metabolic process collagen biosynthetic process regulation of collagen biosynthetic process regulation of collagen metabolic process negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process collagen metabolic process myeloid cell apoptotic process leukocyte apoptotic process neutrophil homeostasis neutrophil apoptotic process leukocyte homeostasis inflammatory cell apoptotic process homeostasis of number of cells myeloid cell homeostasis lipid storage lipid localization negative regulation of lipid localization maintenance of location regulation of lipid storage regulation of lipid localization negative regulation of lipid storage macromolecule localization homotypic cell-cell adhesion regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion platelet aggregation regulation of platelet activation regulation of platelet aggregation positive regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion positive regulation of platelet aggregation interleukin-1 production regulation of interleukin-1 beta production positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production positive regulation of interleukin-1 production regulation of interleukin-1 production interleukin-1 beta production protein localization establishment of protein localization cellular macromolecule localization establishment of protein localization to extracellular region protein secretion regulation of protein secretion cellular localization regulation of protein localization protein localization to extracellular region regulation of establishment of protein localization regulation of protein transport protein transport regulation of cellular localization regulation of insulin secretion insulin secretion negative regulation of tissue remodeling negative regulation of bone remodeling regulation of bone remodeling regulation of tissue remodeling regulation of bone resorption bone resorption negative regulation of bone resorption tissue remodeling bone remodeling acute-phase response immunoglobulin production positive regulation of immunoglobulin production regulation of immunoglobulin production hepatic immune response organ or tissue specific immune response defense response to symbiont defense response to virus response to virus positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription transcription by RNA polymerase II regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of RNA metabolic process positive regulation of RNA biosynthetic process positive regulation of locomotion regulation of cell motility positive regulation of chemotaxis positive regulation of cell migration taxis positive regulation of cell motility regulation of cell migration cell migration cell motility locomotion cell chemotaxis chemotaxis regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis regulation of leukocyte migration positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis positive regulation of leukocyte migration regulation of chemotaxis leukocyte migration cellular response to chemical stimulus regulation of locomotion leukocyte chemotaxis chemical homeostasis glucose homeostasis carbohydrate homeostasis plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization cell projection organization neuron projection development generation of neurons neuron differentiation neuron development extracellular matrix disassembly regulation of cellular component organization positive regulation of cellular component organization positive regulation of extracellular matrix organization extracellular matrix organization positive regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly regulation of extracellular matrix organization regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly extracellular structure organization external encapsulating structure organization post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression RNA processing regulation of miRNA processing primary miRNA processing miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing negative regulation of miRNA-mediated gene silencing post-transcriptional gene silencing miRNA processing negative regulation of post-transcriptional gene silencing negative regulation of primary miRNA processing regulation of miRNA-mediated gene silencing negative regulation of post-transcriptional gene silencing by regulatory ncRNA regulation of regulatory ncRNA processing regulation of gene silencing by regulatory ncRNA regulation of post-transcriptional gene silencing by regulatory ncRNA negative regulation of miRNA processing regulation of primary miRNA processing negative regulation of gene silencing by regulatory ncRNA regulatory ncRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing regulatory ncRNA processing regulatory ncRNA-mediated gene silencing regulation of post-transcriptional gene silencing regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production vascular endothelial growth factor production positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production humoral immune response interleukin-6 production positive regulation of interleukin-6 production regulation of interleukin-6 production regulation of macrophage activation myeloid leukocyte activation macrophage activation leukocyte activation involved in inflammatory response microglial cell activation regulation of microglial cell activation glial cell activation response to lipid cellular response to lipopolysaccharide response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to molecule of bacterial origin response to lipopolysaccharide cellular response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to biotic stimulus cellular response to lipid response to molecule of bacterial origin response to corticosteroid response to hormone response to steroid hormone response to endogenous stimulus response to glucocorticoid response to organic cyclic compound epithelial cell proliferation involved in liver morphogenesis gland morphogenesis hepatocyte proliferation animal organ morphogenesis epithelial cell proliferation liver morphogenesis positive regulation of translation translation regulation of translation cellular response to oxidative stress cellular response to chemical stress cellular response to hydrogen peroxide response to reactive oxygen species response to hydrogen peroxide response to oxidative stress cellular response to reactive oxygen species cellular response to stress pancreas development endocrine system development endocrine pancreas development intracellular signal transduction regulation of intracellular signal transduction intracellular signaling cassette positive regulation of MAPK cascade positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction regulation of MAPK cascade MAPK cascade monocyte chemotaxis mononuclear cell migration myeloid leukocyte migration negative regulation of cell population proliferation regulation of osteoblast differentiation osteoblast differentiation positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation ossification tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT interleukin-21 production positive regulation of interleukin-21 production regulation of interleukin-21 production CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response alpha-beta T cell differentiation T cell activation involved in immune response alpha-beta T cell activation involved in immune response CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation alpha-beta T cell activation T follicular helper cell differentiation T cell differentiation T-helper cell differentiation T cell differentiation involved in immune response positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response response to nitrogen compound response to peptidoglycan astrocyte differentiation astrocyte activation glial cell development regulation of astrocyte differentiation astrocyte development regulation of glial cell differentiation central nervous system development regulation of astrocyte activation glial cell differentiation cellular response to virus defense response to Gram-positive bacterium CD4-positive or CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell lineage commitment CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell lineage commitment alpha-beta T cell lineage commitment T-helper cell lineage commitment T cell lineage commitment T-helper 17 cell lineage commitment positive T cell selection T cell selection T-helper 17 cell differentiation cell fate commitment T-helper 17 type immune response	cell periphery protein-containing complex plasma membrane protein complex membrane plasma membrane plasma membrane signaling receptor complex membrane protein complex cellular anatomical entity interleukin-6 receptor complex receptor complex membrane-bounded organelle intracellular anatomical structure membrane-enclosed lumen intracellular membrane-bounded organelle cell periphery protein-containing complex plasma membrane protein complex membrane plasma membrane plasma membrane signaling receptor complex membrane protein complex cellular anatomical entity interleukin-6 receptor complex receptor complex membrane-bounded organelle intracellular anatomical structure membrane-enclosed lumen intracellular membrane-bounded organelle endomembrane system intracellular organelle lumen endoplasmic reticulum lumen intracellular organelle organelle lumen organelle endoplasmic reticulum cytoplasm extracellular region extracellular space
B [auth H]	Heavy chain of the Fab fragment of anti-IL-6 antibody 68F2	-	-	-
C [auth L]	Light chain of the Fab fragment of anti-IL-6 antibody 68F2	-	-	-

InterPro: Protein Family Classification InterPro Database Homepage

Chains	Accession	Name	Type
A	IPR030473	Interleukin-6/GCSF/MGF, conserved site	Conserved Site
A	IPR009079	Four-helical cytokine-like, core	Homologous Superfamily
A	IPR003574	Interleukin-6-like	Family
A	IPR030474	Interleukin-6/GCSF/MGF	Family

Pharos: Disease Associations Pharos Homepage Annotation

Chains	Drug Target	Associated Disease
A	Pharos: P05231	juvenile idiopathic arthritis type 2 diabetes mellitus psoriasis brain ischemia middle cerebral artery infarction renal cell carcinoma arteriovenous malformations of the brain inflammatory bowel disease cardiomyopathy aseptic meningitis atherosclerosis Crohn disease autoimmune hepatitis malignant mesothelioma skin basal cell carcinoma juvenile idiopathic arthritis type 2 diabetes mellitus psoriasis brain ischemia middle cerebral artery infarction renal cell carcinoma arteriovenous malformations of the brain inflammatory bowel disease cardiomyopathy aseptic meningitis atherosclerosis Crohn disease autoimmune hepatitis malignant mesothelioma skin basal cell carcinoma hypertensive disorder obesity disorder glomerulonephritis squamous cell carcinoma metabolic syndrome X osteoporosis polymyositis B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cholangiocarcinoma leishmaniasis Wilson disease hemolytic-uremic syndrome congestive heart failure rheumatoid arthritis pneumonia Castleman disease autoimmune disease peripheral neuropathy plasma cell myeloma hypercalcemia disease allergic disease cirrhosis of liver breast carcinoma visceral leishmaniasis collecting duct carcinoma inborn mitochondrial myopathy Heat Stroke pleural disease coronary artery disease myocardial infarction thyroid adenoma Parkinson disease schizophrenia cerebrovascular disorder HIV wasting syndrome neurodegenerative disease nicotine dependence bipolar disorder chronic beryllium disease dissociative amnesia pulmonary fibrosis visual epilepsy congenital diaphragmatic hernia pleurisy intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma secondary hyperparathyroidism extrahepatic cholestasis peripheral nervous system disease tuberculosis chromophobe renal cell carcinoma alcoholic liver cirrhosis skin disease prostate cancer chronic kidney disease chronic obstructive pulmonary disease melancholia breast cancer colitis endogenous depression papillary renal cell carcinoma sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma myocarditis thyroid gland carcinoma acute coronary syndrome postmenopausal osteoporosis cholestasis Kaposi's sarcoma type 1 diabetes mellitus disseminated intravascular coagulation leukopenia vertebral column disease pulmonary edema idiopathic interstitial pneumonia synovitis heart disease pustulosis palmaris et plantaris anxiety disorder systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis drug-induced liver injury burn inherited lipid metabolism disorder Takayasu arteritis lung benign neoplasm myeloid neoplasm thrombocytopenia pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm with low grade dysplasia pneumonitis lymphatic system disease acquired metabolic disease autism peripheral arterial disease major depressive disorder acute kidney failure peritonitis precancerous condition adult acute respiratory distress syndrome gastric cancer plasma cell neoplasm chorioamnionitis hyperglycemia dermatitis, atopic kidney disease primary hyperoxaluria skin pigmented basal cell carcinoma vasculitis hypotensive disorder clear cell renal carcinoma ileocolitis systemic lupus erythematosus breast disease liver disease heart failure colonic disease aortic stenosis infectious meningitis inflammatory bowel disease 1 ovarian cancer encephalitis pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma cancer lung cancer hepatitis B virus infection interstitial cystitis thrombotic disease pancreatitis hepatocellular carcinoma COVID-19 myocardial ischemia asthma thyroid cancer periodontitis lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma hereditary diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma Crohn's colitis myopathy ischemia reperfusion injury malaria cystic fibrosis pituitary cancer delirium Kaposi sarcoma, susceptibility to gastric neoplasm depressive disorder non-small cell lung carcinoma bone marrow disease ulcerative colitis maturity-onset diabetes of the young sleep-wake disorder diarrheal disease brain injury amnestic disorder oral submucous fibrosis anemia inborn carbohydrate metabolic disorder renal carcinoma arteriosclerosis disorder influenza ovarian neoplasm lung adenocarcinoma mood disorder arthritic joint disease injury pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm lung carcinoma interstitial lung disease atopic eczema invasive ductal breast carcinoma lymphoproliferative syndrome HIV infectious disease ischemic disease eye disease malignant ependymoma neurotic disorder toxic encephalopathy prediabetes syndrome severe acute respiratory syndrome dementia non-alcoholic fatty liver disease bile duct cancer skin epithelioid hemangioma prostate disease Alzheimer disease

RCSB PDB Core Operations are funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (DBI-2321666), the US Department of Energy (DE-SC0019749), and the National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under grant R01GM157729.