Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that is metabolically inert in humans and occurs naturally, as a sugar or sugar alcohol, in fruits and vegetables. Mannitol elevates blood plasma osmolality, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues, including the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, into interstitial fluid and plasma. As a result, cerebral edema, elevated intracranial pressure, and cerebrospinal fluid volume and pressure may be reduced. Mannitol may also be used for the promotion of diuresis before irreversible renal failure becomes established; the promotion of urinary excretion of toxic substances; as an Antiglaucoma agent; and as a renal function diagnostic aid. On October 30, 2020, mannitol was approved by the FDA as add-on maintenance therapy for the control of pulmonary symptoms associated with cystic fibrosis in adult patients and is currently marketed for this indication under the name BRONCHITOL® by Chiesi USA Inc.[L20024]
Synonyms
Mannitolum
(2R,3R,4R,5R)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol
D-Mannitol
Mannitol
Mannit
Mannite
Manitol
(2R,3R,4R,5R)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexaol
Manna Sugar
D-(-)-Mannitol
Brand Names
Resectisol (5% Mannitol Irrigation)
CPD/ADSOL Red Cell Preservation Solution System (PL 2209)
ADSOL Red Cell Preservation Solution System in Plastic Container (PL 146 Plastic)
Mannitol Inj 25%
Cystosol W 3% Hexitols
IMUFLEX WB-RP Blood Bag System with Integral Whole Blood Leukocyte Reduction Filter (Removing Platelets) with Diversion Blood Sampling Arm Anticoagulant Citrate Phosphate Dextrose (CPD) AND OPTISOL (AS-5) Red Cell Preservative
Osmitrol Injection 10%
TERUFLEX Blood Bag System with Diversion Blood Sampling Arm Anticoagulant Citrate Phosphate Dextrose (CPD) AND OPTISOL (AS-5) Red Cell Preservative
Aridol
Curestem Cell Healer C10 Program
Curestem Cell Healer C5 Program
Osmitrol Injection 20%
Leucoflex CGP
Mannitol Inj 10% Abbovac
Cpd/adsol
Bronchitol
Sag-M
Sorbitol Mannitol Irrigation
Curestem Cell Healer C20
TERUFLEX Blood Bag System Anticoagulant Citrate Phosphate Dextrose (CPD) AND OPTISOL Red Cell Preservative
Mannitol Injection USP
GD11 Rx SCM C5
Qr Pain
MTL1 Leucoflex
Adsol Red Cell Preservation
Aridol Bronchial Challenge Test Kit
IMUFLEX WB-SP Blood Bag System with Integral Whole Blood Leukocyte Reduction Filter (Saving Platelets) with Diversion Blood Sampling Arm Anticoagulant Citrate Phosphate Dextrose (CPD) and OPTISOL (AS-5) Red Cell Preservative
Sorbitol-Mannitol
TERUFLEX Blood Bag System with Blood Sampling Arm Anticoagulant Citrate Phosphate Dextrose (CPD) AND OPTISOL (AS-5) Red Cell Preservative
Indication
Used for the promotion of diuresis before irreversible renal failure becomes established, the reduction of intracranial pressure, the treatment of cerebral edema, and the promotion of urinary excretion of toxic substances. Mannitol is also indicated as add-on maintenance therapy for improving pulmonary function in cystic fibrosis patients aged 18 and over who have passed the BRONCHITOL tolerance test (BTT). It is recommended that patients take an orally inhaled short-acting bronchodilator 5-15 minutes prior to every inhaled mannitol dose.[L20024]
Categories
Agents causing hyperkalemia
Alcohols
Alimentary Tract and Metabolism
Blood and Blood Forming Organs
Blood Substitutes and Perfusion Solutions
Carbohydrates
Compounds used in a research, industrial, or household setting
Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison
T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. | PMID:21059682
