tRNA endonuclease VMS1

UniProtKB accession:  Q04311

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UniProtKB description:  Endonuclease that cleaves polypeptidyl-tRNAs downstream of the ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) pathway to release incompletely synthesized polypeptides for degradation (PubMed:21148305, PubMed:29632312, PubMed:29875445, PubMed:31011209, PubMed:31189955). The RQC pathway disassembles aberrantly stalled translation complexes to recycle or degrade the constituent parts (PubMed:29632312, PubMed:29875445, PubMed:31011209, PubMed:31189955). VMS1 acts downstream disassembly of stalled ribosomes and specifically cleaves off the terminal 3'-CCA nucleotides universal to all tRNAs from polypeptidyl-tRNAs, releasing (1) ubiquitinated polypeptides from 60S ribosomal subunit for degradation by the ERAD pathway and (2) cleaved tRNAs for recycling (PubMed:29632312, PubMed:31011209, PubMed:31189955). Component of an evolutionarily conserved system for ubiquitin-mediated mitochondria-associated protein degradation (MAD), which is necessary to maintain mitochondrial, cellular, and organismal viability (PubMed:21070972).